/* * Copyright (C) 2005-2010 Alfresco Software Limited. * * This file is part of Alfresco * * Alfresco is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * Alfresco is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License * along with Alfresco. If not, see . */ package org.alfresco.repo.cache.lookup; import java.io.Serializable; import org.alfresco.repo.cache.SimpleCache; import org.alfresco.repo.transaction.RetryingTransactionHelper; import org.alfresco.util.Pair; import org.springframework.extensions.surf.util.ParameterCheck; import org.springframework.dao.ConcurrencyFailureException; /** * A cache for two-way lookups of database entities. These are characterized by having a unique * key (perhaps a database ID) and a separate unique key that identifies the object. If no cache * is given, then all calls are passed through to the backing DAO. *

* The keys must have good equals and hashCode implementations and * must respect the case-sensitivity of the use-case. *

* All keys will be unique to the given cache region, allowing the cache to be shared * between instances of this class. *

* Generics: *

* * @author Derek Hulley * @since 3.2 */ public class EntityLookupCache { /** * Interface to support lookups of the entities using keys and values. */ public static interface EntityLookupCallbackDAO { /** * Resolve the given value into a unique value key that can be used to find the entity's ID. * A return value should be small and efficient; don't return a value if this is not possible. *

* Implementations will often return the value itself, provided that the value is both * serializable and has a good equals and hashCode. *

* Were no adequate key can be generated for the value, then null can be returned. * In this case, the {@link #findByValue(Object) findByValue} method might not even do a search * and just return null itself i.e. if it is difficult to look the value up in storage * then it is probably difficult to generate a cache key from it, too.. In this scenario, the * cache will be purely for key-based lookups * * @param value the full value being keyed (never null) * @return Returns the business key representing the entity, or null * if an economical key cannot be generated. */ VK1 getValueKey(V1 value); /** * Find an entity for a given key. * * @param key the key (ID) used to identify the entity (never null) * @return Return the entity or null if no entity is exists for the ID */ Pair findByKey(K1 key); /** * Find and entity using the given value key. The equals and hashCode * methods of the value object should respect case-sensitivity in the same way that this * lookup treats case-sensitivity i.e. if the equals method is case-sensitive * then this method should look the entity up using a case-sensitive search. *

* Since this is a cache backed by some sort of database, null values are allowed by the * cache. The implementation of this method can throw an exception if null is not * appropriate for the use-case. *

* If the search is impossible or expensive, this method should just return null. This * would usually be the case if the {@link #getValueKey(Object) getValueKey} method also returned * null i.e. if it is difficult to look the value up in storage then it is probably * difficult to generate a cache key from it, too. * * @param value the value (business object) used to identify the entity (null allowed). * @return Return the entity or null if no entity matches the given value */ Pair findByValue(V1 value); /** * Create an entity using the given values. It is valid to assume that the entity does not exist * within the current transaction at least. *

* Since persistence mechanisms often allow null values, these can be expected here. The * implementation must throw an exception if null is not allowed for the specific use-case. * * @param value the value (business object) used to identify the entity (null allowed). * @return Return the newly-created entity ID-value pair */ Pair createValue(V1 value); /** * Update the entity identified by the given key. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a 0 return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not. * * @param key the existing key (ID) used to identify the entity (never null) * @param value the new value * @return Returns the row update count. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if entity updates are not supported */ int updateValue(K1 key, V1 value); /** * Delete an entity for the given key. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a 0 return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not. * * @param key the key (ID) used to identify the entity (never null) * @return Returns the row deletion count. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if entity deletion is not supported */ int deleteByKey(K1 key); /** * Delete an entity for the given value. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a 0 return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not. * * @param value the value (business object) used to identify the enitity (null allowed) * @return Returns the row deletion count. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if entity deletion is not supported */ int deleteByValue(V1 value); } /** * Adaptor for implementations that support immutable entities. The update and delete operations * throw {@link UnsupportedOperationException}. * * @author Derek Hulley * @since 3.2 */ public static abstract class EntityLookupCallbackDAOAdaptor implements EntityLookupCallbackDAO { /** * This implementation never finds a value and is backed by {@link #getValueKey(Object)} returning nothing. * * @return Returns null always */ public Pair findByValue(V2 value) { return null; } /** * This implementation does not find by value and is backed by {@link #findByValue(Object)} returning nothing. * * @return Returns null always */ public VK2 getValueKey(V2 value) { return null; } /** * Disallows the operation. * * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always */ public int updateValue(K2 key, V2 value) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } /** * Disallows the operation. * * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always */ public int deleteByKey(K2 key) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Entity deletion by key is not supported"); } /** * Disallows the operation. * * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always */ public int deleteByValue(V2 value) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Entity deletion by value is not supported"); } } /** * A valid null value i.e. a value that has been persisted as null. */ private static final Serializable VALUE_NULL = "@@VALUE_NULL@@"; /** * A value that was not found or persisted. */ private static final Serializable VALUE_NOT_FOUND = "@@VALUE_NOT_FOUND@@"; /** * The cache region that will be used (see {@link CacheRegionKey}) in all the cache keys */ private static final String CACHE_REGION_DEFAULT = "DEFAULT"; private final SimpleCache cache; private final EntityLookupCallbackDAO entityLookup; private final String cacheRegion; /** * Construct the lookup cache without any cache. All calls are passed directly to the * underlying DAO entity lookup. * * @param entityLookup the instance that is able to find and persist entities */ public EntityLookupCache(EntityLookupCallbackDAO entityLookup) { this(null, CACHE_REGION_DEFAULT, entityLookup); } /** * Construct the lookup cache, using the {@link #CACHE_REGION_DEFAULT default cache region}. * * @param cache the cache that will back the two-way lookups * @param entityLookup the instance that is able to find and persist entities */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public EntityLookupCache(SimpleCache cache, EntityLookupCallbackDAO entityLookup) { this(cache, CACHE_REGION_DEFAULT, entityLookup); } /** * Construct the lookup cache, using the given cache region. *

* All keys will be unique to the given cache region, allowing the cache to be shared * between instances of this class. * * @param cache the cache that will back the two-way lookups; null to have no backing * in a cache. * @param cacheRegion the region within the cache to use. * @param entityLookup the instance that is able to find and persist entities */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public EntityLookupCache(SimpleCache cache, String cacheRegion, EntityLookupCallbackDAO entityLookup) { ParameterCheck.mandatory("cacheRegion", cacheRegion); ParameterCheck.mandatory("entityLookup", entityLookup); this.cache = cache; this.cacheRegion = cacheRegion; this.entityLookup = entityLookup; } /** * Find the entity associated with the given key. * The {@link EntityLookupCallbackDAO#findByKey(Serializable) entity callback} will be used if necessary. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a null return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not; the former would normally result in a concurrency-related exception such as * {@link ConcurrencyFailureException}. * * @param key The entity key, which may be valid or invalid (null not allowed) * @return Returns the key-value pair or null if the key doesn't reference an entity */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Pair getByKey(K key) { if (key == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("An entity lookup key may not be null"); } // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return entityLookup.findByKey(key); } CacheRegionKey keyCacheKey = new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key); // Look in the cache V value = (V) cache.get(keyCacheKey); if (value != null) { if (value.equals(VALUE_NOT_FOUND)) { // We checked before return null; } else if (value.equals(VALUE_NULL)) { return new Pair(key, null); } else { return new Pair(key, value); } } // Resolve it Pair entityPair = entityLookup.findByKey(key); if (entityPair == null) { // Cache "not found" cache.put(keyCacheKey, VALUE_NOT_FOUND); } else { value = entityPair.getSecond(); // Get the value key VK valueKey = (value == null) ? (VK)VALUE_NULL : entityLookup.getValueKey(value); // Check if the value has a good key if (valueKey != null) { CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); // The key is good, so we can cache the value cache.put(valueCacheKey, key); } cache.put( keyCacheKey, (value == null ? VALUE_NULL : value)); } // Done return entityPair; } /** * Find the entity associated with the given value. * The {@link EntityLookupCallbackDAO#findByValue(Object) entity callback} will be used if no entry exists in the cache. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a null return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not; the former would normally result in a concurrency-related exception such as * {@link ConcurrencyFailureException}. * * @param value The entity value, which may be valid or invalid (null is allowed) * @return Returns the key-value pair or null if the value doesn't reference an entity */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Pair getByValue(V value) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return entityLookup.findByValue(value); } // Get the value key. // The cast to (VK) is counter-intuitive, but works because they're all just Serializable // It's nasty, but hidden from the cache client code. VK valueKey = (value == null) ? (VK)VALUE_NULL : entityLookup.getValueKey(value); // Check if the value has a good key if (valueKey == null) { return entityLookup.findByValue(value); } // Look in the cache CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); K key = (K) cache.get(valueCacheKey); // Check if we have looked this up already if (key != null) { // We checked before and ... if (key.equals(VALUE_NOT_FOUND)) { // ... it didn't exist return null; } else { // ... it did exist return getByKey(key); } } // Resolve it Pair entityPair = entityLookup.findByValue(value); if (entityPair == null) { // Cache "not found" cache.put(valueCacheKey, VALUE_NOT_FOUND); } else { key = entityPair.getFirst(); // Cache the key cache.put(valueCacheKey, key); cache.put( new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key), (entityPair.getSecond() == null ? VALUE_NULL : entityPair.getSecond())); } // Done return entityPair; } /** * Find the entity associated with the given value and create it if it doesn't exist. * The {@link EntityLookupCallbackDAO#findByValue(Object)} and {@link EntityLookupCallbackDAO#createValue(Object)} * will be used if necessary. * * @param value The entity value (null is allowed) * @return Returns the key-value pair (new or existing and never null) */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Pair getOrCreateByValue(V value) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { Pair entityPair = entityLookup.findByValue(value); if (entityPair == null) { entityPair = entityLookup.createValue(value); } return entityPair; } // Get the value key // The cast to (VK) is counter-intuitive, but works because they're all just Serializable. // It's nasty, but hidden from the cache client code. VK valueKey = (value == null) ? (VK)VALUE_NULL : entityLookup.getValueKey(value); // Check if the value has a good key if (valueKey == null) { Pair entityPair = entityLookup.findByValue(value); if (entityPair == null) { entityPair = entityLookup.createValue(value); // Cache the value cache.put( new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, entityPair.getFirst()), (entityPair.getSecond() == null ? VALUE_NULL : entityPair.getSecond())); } return entityPair; } // Look in the cache CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); K key = (K) cache.get(valueCacheKey); // Check if the value is already mapped to a key if (key != null && !key.equals(VALUE_NOT_FOUND)) { return new Pair(key, value); } // Resolve it Pair entityPair = entityLookup.findByValue(value); if (entityPair == null) { // Create it entityPair = entityLookup.createValue(value); } key = entityPair.getFirst(); // Cache the key and value cache.put(valueCacheKey, key); cache.put( new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key), (value == null ? VALUE_NULL : value)); // Done return entityPair; } /** * Update the entity associated with the given key. * The {@link EntityLookupCallbackDAO#updateValue(Serializable, Object)} callback * will be used if necessary. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a 0 return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not; usually the former will generate {@link ConcurrencyFailureException} or something recognised * by the {@link RetryingTransactionHelper#RETRY_EXCEPTIONS RetryingTransactionHelper}. * * @param key The entity key, which may be valid or invalid (null not allowed) * @param value The new entity value (may be null) * @return Returns the row update count. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public int updateValue(K key, V value) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return entityLookup.updateValue(key, value); } // Remove entries for the key (bidirectional removal removes the old value as well) removeByKey(key); // Do the update int updateCount = entityLookup.updateValue(key, value); if (updateCount == 0) { // Nothing was done return updateCount; } // Get the value key. VK valueKey = (value == null) ? (VK)VALUE_NULL : entityLookup.getValueKey(value); // Check if the value has a good key if (valueKey != null) { // There is a good value key, cache by value CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); cache.put(valueCacheKey, key); } // Cache by key cache.put( new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key), (value == null ? VALUE_NULL : value)); // Done return updateCount; } /** * Cache-only operation: Get the key for a given value key (note: not 'value' but 'value key'). * * @param value The entity value key, which must be valid (null not allowed) * @return The entity key (may be null) */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public K getKey(VK valueKey) { // There is a good value key, cache by value CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); K key = (K) cache.get(valueCacheKey); // Check if we have looked this up already if (key != null && key.equals(VALUE_NOT_FOUND)) { key = null; } return key; } /** * Cache-only operation: Get the value for a given key * * @param key The entity key, which may be valid or invalid (null not allowed) * @return The entity value (may be null) */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public V getValue(K key) { CacheRegionKey keyCacheKey = new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key); // Look in the cache V value = (V) cache.get(keyCacheKey); if (value == null) { return null; } else if (value.equals(VALUE_NOT_FOUND)) { // We checked before return null; } else if (value.equals(VALUE_NULL)) { return null; } else { return value; } } /** * Cache-only operation: Update the cache's value * * @param key The entity key, which may be valid or invalid (null not allowed) * @param value The new entity value (may be null) */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void setValue(K key, V value) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return; } // Remove entries for the key (bidirectional removal removes the old value as well) removeByKey(key); // Get the value key. VK valueKey = (value == null) ? (VK)VALUE_NULL : entityLookup.getValueKey(value); // Check if the value has a good key if (valueKey != null) { // There is a good value key, cache by value CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); cache.put(valueCacheKey, key); } // Cache by key cache.put( new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key), (value == null ? VALUE_NULL : value)); // Done } /** * Delete the entity associated with the given key. * The {@link EntityLookupCallbackDAO#deleteByKey(Serializable)} callback will be used if necessary. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a 0 return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not; usually the former will generate {@link ConcurrencyFailureException} or something recognised * by the {@link RetryingTransactionHelper#RETRY_EXCEPTIONS RetryingTransactionHelper}. * * @param key the entity key, which may be valid or invalid (null not allowed) * @return Returns the row deletion count */ public int deleteByKey(K key) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return entityLookup.deleteByKey(key); } // Remove entries for the key (bidirectional removal removes the old value as well) removeByKey(key); // Do the delete return entityLookup.deleteByKey(key); } /** * Delete the entity having the given value.. * The {@link EntityLookupCallbackDAO#deleteByValue(Object)} callback will be used if necessary. *

* It is up to the client code to decide if a 0 return value indicates a concurrency violation * or not; usually the former will generate {@link ConcurrencyFailureException} or something recognised * by the {@link RetryingTransactionHelper#RETRY_EXCEPTIONS RetryingTransactionHelper}. * * @param key the entity value, which may be valid or invalid (null allowed) * @return Returns the row deletion count */ public int deleteByValue(V value) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return entityLookup.deleteByValue(value); } // Remove entries for the value removeByValue(value); // Do the delete return entityLookup.deleteByValue(value); } /** * Cache-only operation: Remove all cache values associated with the given key. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void removeByKey(K key) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return; } CacheRegionKey keyCacheKey = new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key); V value = (V) cache.get(keyCacheKey); if (value != null && !value.equals(VALUE_NOT_FOUND)) { // Get the value key and remove it VK valueKey = entityLookup.getValueKey(value); if (valueKey != null) { CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); cache.remove(valueCacheKey); } } cache.remove(keyCacheKey); } /** * Cache-only operation: Remove all cache values associated with the given value * * @param value The entity value (null is allowed) */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void removeByValue(V value) { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return; } // Get the value key VK valueKey = (value == null) ? (VK)VALUE_NULL : entityLookup.getValueKey(value); if (valueKey == null) { // No key generated for the value. There is nothing that can be done. return; } // Look in the cache CacheRegionValueKey valueCacheKey = new CacheRegionValueKey(cacheRegion, valueKey); K key = (K) cache.get(valueCacheKey); // Check if the value is already mapped to a key if (key != null && !key.equals(VALUE_NOT_FOUND)) { CacheRegionKey keyCacheKey = new CacheRegionKey(cacheRegion, key); cache.remove(keyCacheKey); } cache.remove(valueCacheKey); } /** * Cache-only operation: Remove all cache entries *

* NOTE: This operation removes ALL entries for ALL cache regions. */ public void clear() { // Handle missing cache if (cache == null) { return; } cache.clear(); } /** * Key-wrapper used to separate cache regions, allowing a single cache to be used for different * purposes. * This class is distinct from the ID key so that ID-based lookups don't class with value-based lookups. */ private static class CacheRegionKey implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -213050301938804468L; private final String cacheRegion; private final Serializable cacheKey; private final int hashCode; private CacheRegionKey(String cacheRegion, Serializable cacheKey) { this.cacheRegion = cacheRegion; this.cacheKey = cacheKey; this.hashCode = cacheRegion.hashCode() + cacheKey.hashCode(); } @Override public String toString() { return cacheRegion + "." + cacheKey.toString(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) { return true; } else if (!(obj instanceof CacheRegionKey)) { return false; } CacheRegionKey that = (CacheRegionKey) obj; return this.cacheRegion.equals(that.cacheRegion) && this.cacheKey.equals(that.cacheKey); } @Override public int hashCode() { return hashCode; } } /** * Value-key-wrapper used to separate cache regions, allowing a single cache to be used for different * purposes. * This class is distinct from the region key so that ID-based lookups don't class with value-based lookups. */ private static class CacheRegionValueKey implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 5838308035326617927L; private final String cacheRegion; private final Serializable cacheValueKey; private final int hashCode; private CacheRegionValueKey(String cacheRegion, Serializable cacheValueKey) { this.cacheRegion = cacheRegion; this.cacheValueKey = cacheValueKey; this.hashCode = cacheRegion.hashCode() + cacheValueKey.hashCode(); } @Override public String toString() { return cacheRegion + "." + cacheValueKey.toString(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) { return true; } else if (!(obj instanceof CacheRegionValueKey)) { return false; } CacheRegionValueKey that = (CacheRegionValueKey) obj; return this.cacheRegion.equals(that.cacheRegion) && this.cacheValueKey.equals(that.cacheValueKey); } @Override public int hashCode() { return hashCode; } } }